England: A Christian Country

England: A Christian Country Christianity as a religion is one that was first brought to the British Isles around 1st century AD, this was during the Roman Empire. Britain had its own set of religious icons; Pagan gods of the earth and Roman gods of the sky. It was into this setting that Christianity arrived, and It is thought to have started in England before moving to Ireland, Scotland, and then into other British Isles. This evangelization was carried out mostly by the Gregorian Missionaries; this eventually led to the beginning of the Church of England. The Church of England which is the foremost form of Christianity in England has it beginnings towards the end of the 6th century, during the time of the Anglo-Saxons. The Church of England highlights continuity through apostolic succession and traditionally looks to these early events for its origins rather than to changes brought about by the English reformation. Events such as Henry VIIIs schism with the Roman Catholic Church or the excommunication of Elizabeth I or the wider Reformation in mainland Europe are all events that contributed to the development of the Church of England as it is now established, but are regarded as a continuation of the arrival of the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church to the British Isles.  [1]   Wikipedia articles on the origins of the Church of England. However, as the years progressed the notion was formed that the Church was founded by God and the ruling monarch was automatically the Head of the Church, appointed also by God. Christianity rose from a small religion to being the national religion, with the association of Church to Monarchy. This therefore meant that all proceedings within the Kingdom were governed by God. Christianity was a part of the people and the people were conditioned into the lifestyle of being Christians. Children were being baptized, taught in the faith as part of daily living as well as in school curriculum. Births, Marriages and Deaths/Funerals were conducted and registered by the Clergy. Therefore during this period, England was predominantly a Christian nation. It is worth mentioning that there was also paganism in England, however as Christianity grew paganism reduced. The discussion in this essay however, is not about the origins of Christianity nor is it about the origins of the Church of England. Some of the points discussed below are from personal findings, while other points are secondary research. With the herald of a more accommodating society, more religions are being rooted in the British society. This is also because of the increase in the ethnic groups in England, who have various religions, and with the world of political correctness; other religions are blooming and thriving as well. Unfortunately, the percentage of English people of Christian origins are dwindling, leaving generations after them to being less keen about religion altogether. Christianity is slowly diminishing because we are now in a more secular society. There are less faith schools, and the percentage of Church goers has reduced over the last couple of decades. According to personal findings, Church buildings are been sold or remodelled to other functionalities. In current times, even though England is officially a Christian country, there are less than 40% of the people who are Christians and even few much less of them are a part of the Church of England. The remaining population are either Atheists or of a different religion. Findings have proved that the Church today has lost about 1 in 10 members are from 1996 to present day, at this rate the church will find it hard to survive in the next 50 years. There is now a massive fall in registered Births, Marriages and Deaths in the Church. The church today is been grounded by challenges from a changing society, where the Christian institution is on a decline as well as challenges from a rise in cultural and religious diversification. BBC sources record that the United Kingdom, which England is a part of is ethnically diverse, partly as a legacy of empire. Lately, the country has been struggling with issues revolving around multiculturalism, immigration and national identity. This is against a background concerns about terrorism and political and religious radicalismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [2]   In conclusion, we can accept that England is still officially a Christian country due to the fact that the Anglican Church is rooted in England and that the monarchy is associated with the Church of England, however it will be hard for Christianity to hold its footing if the Church does not rise up and take a stand. 1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Church_of_England 2 . http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/history/uk_1.shtml 3.http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/religion/5661035/Britain-is-no-longer-a-Christian-nation-claims-Church-of-England-Bishop.html

Community vs. Individualism

Community vs. Individualism Individual and community are two words whose meanings contrast each other. An individual is one who is self-sufficient and not reliant on outside forces to get whatever task complete. A community however, is a group of individuals whose sufficiency is intertwined with one another, and therefore can rely on each other. In her narrative essay, â€Å"Community and Diversity†, Rebekah Nathan unveils the individualistic society that was her college experience. She describes life as a freshman from her own point of view and examines the characteristics of the student population at her university.She uses her own experience as a microcosm of university life throughout the country, but her account does not represent all schools appropriately. She says, â€Å"They (students) genuinely want to have a close community, while at the same time they resist the claims that community makes on their schedule and resources in the name of individualism, spontaneity, f reedom, and choice†(Nathan 233). Her description exposes the student body as being largely individualistic, which is not always the case.In this essay, I will argue that not all campus life in universities today is individualistic, because there is still a great deal of community amongst the student body. To begin with, saying that campus life is geared towards being an individual is not always true. Students go out of their way to join clubs and participate in study groups and review sessions. They want to come together and form an alliance for academics or just to be social. In her essay, Nathan claims that our nation as a whole is becoming an advocate of â€Å"individualism†.While this may be true, it in no way means that university life is affected by this. People come to college to not only further their academic quest, but to expand their horizons and to network with their peers. For example, an incoming freshman has the capability of joining a learning community related to their interests or what they think their future major might be. If a business major wants to get involved outside the classroom, there are a number of options available to them, such as an academic service learning program, or joining a business fraternity.The variety of choices one has is overwhelming, and these programs and clubs would not be available if they were underused, they would simply turn over. Equally important, is the fact that in today’s classrooms, group work is often either encouraged or required. Professors expect classmates to get along and collaborate (just not when their teaching), either during an assignment in class or for a project assigned to work on outside the classroom. How so then, as Nathan puts it, are students getting more and more individualistic? In his essay, James Surowiecki explains that there is power in the form of the small group.He says â€Å"small groups have the opportunity to be more than just the sum of their parts† (441). This means that a group can outperform even the smartest of its individuals on their own. That said it isn’t hard to see the benefit of community values in an academic workplace, rather than individualism. A good example of this is if you were to put five students in a group to complete a series of math equations. If it took the smartest individual thirty minutes to complete twelve problems, it would likely take much less time for the group, including that same individual, to finish the task.For this reason, privatizing the campus experience is not beneficial to the learning process, rather it is harmful. Integrating students from group work keeps them from building social skills that they will need in the real world after college, and it additionally gives students an absence of the cognitive diversity one could discover while working in small groups. Moreover, if an institution wants to inspire a common education goal amongst its students, there are several ways i t could initiate it.For one, the university could instill living learning communities into the student housing. This allows students with the same majors or interests to live in the same suites, as well as giving them the some of the same core classes. Consequently, students can share information about classes and even form study groups without even leaving their dorms. Another way to instill a sense of academic community throughout the campus is to organize free events such as study sessions and reviews for certain classes.For example, offer a math tutoring session available to all students with refreshments, or maybe even ice cream, would be a great way to attract people and get them involved with not only in their studies, but with the campus as well. A university could even go as far as providing incentives for good work, such as raffling off high end electronics and skateboards. The cost of the raffle ticket: â€Å"A† papers. On the other hand, Nathan argues, â€Å"Rath er than being located in its shared symbols, meetings, activities, and rituals, the university for an undergraduate was more accurately a world of self-selected people and events† (237).This cannot be said for American universities as a whole. Many if not most colleges have strong on-campus communities starting at the roots of student living; the dorms. Every week you will find a plethora of activities and events going on no farther than the students’ downstairs lobby. From events like â€Å"Residents Fest†, where the different dormitories face off in multiple competitive events, to comedy shows and entertainers that come to the campus auditorium and perform live for the students, free of charge and welcome to everyone on campus.At the same time, there is still room for individualism in a functional community. Any given community that is profiecient needs individuals to lead operations. In our everyday society, we rely on politicians and small businesses led by h eadstrong individuals. But the individualism that is essencial for these people is also essencial for the community as a whole, much like that which is found in university life. Resident Assistants or, â€Å"RA’s†, are hired in order to not only control the students living in on-campus housing, but to bring them together as one solid body.It is not uncommon for RA’s to request input of those students living on their floor during floor meetings. For example, most RAs give each room on their floor living agreement forms. Nathan remembers, â€Å"After pizza, M&Ms, and yet another icebreaker game, the RA introduced our charge of creating a joint compact and handed out cards and pens, asking each person to write down something in the way of a rule or a ‘don’t’ that she would like to obtain for the hall† (234).On it, residents are allowed to make rules for their specific suite to make sure everyone gets a say in what goes on in their living space. They want everyone involved with the building they are living in, but also to know that the RA is ultimately the one in charge over them. Interestingly enough, Surowiecki points out, â€Å"One of the real dangers that small groups face is emphasizing consensus over dissent† (444). This concept could lead floor members to agree more readily with the majority, rather than be the black sheep to stand out and argue against it.Without doubt, college campuses around the country display a strong sense of community. In the classrooms students display cooperation with each other in the form of groups and in-class discussion, and review sessions before tests are no rare occurrence. There are a variety ways to get students involved, and it seems that many are eager at the opportunity to gather and strive for academic improvement. From learning communities to social events and clubs, there is no lack of student involvement on campus for many universities.Although Nathan says †Å"The university community was experienced by most students as a relatively small, personal network of people who did things together,† this is simply not true everywhere across the country (237). While there are hints of â€Å"individualism† in the student body, it is overwhelmed by the power of the community that is found in most universities across the states. This is good thing, because an emphasis on â€Å"individualism† could affect the development of cognitive diversity which is a valuable characteristic in society, especially on a college campus.Surowiecki states, â€Å"Diversity of opinion is the single best guarantee that the group will reap benefits from face-to-face discussion† (446). By this, he is saying cognitive diversity sparks a flame in the classroom, whether it through arguing or open discussions with classmates and teachers. If students were not exposed to such diversities in the classroom, they would be unprepared to face them in the real world. Besides, giving students a strong sense of community is almost always more effective than the alternative.Works Cited: 1) Surowiecki, James. â€Å"Committees, Juries, and Teams: The Columbia Disaster and How Small Groups Can Be Made to Work. † Emerging: Contemporary Readings for Writers. Ed Barclay Barrios. Boston, MA. Bedford/St. Martins, 2010. 439-452. Print. 2) Nathan, Rebekah. â€Å"Community and Diversity† Emerging: Contemporary Readings for Writers. Ed Barclay Barrios. Boston, MA. Bedford/St. Martins, 2010. 439-452. Print.

The Insider Secret on Buy a Research Paper Writing Service Revealed

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Differences Between Atman And Brahman - 893 Words

1. Atman and Brahman are connected in some way, right? Explain if, how and why this is true or not. Karma is what? What does karma have to do with moksha? Brahman is the â€Å"one or oneness† (cn, 1/27) it refers to one reality which is the foundation of â€Å"all being and all knowing† (92, 2). Atman, which is the belief â€Å"in an undying soul or self† (96, 3), is Brahman. Monistic Hinduism teaches that â€Å"all reality is ultimately one† (97, 2) therefore atman is Brahman. Brahman and atman are not the same because â€Å"oneness does not equal sameness† (cn, 1/27) however, the two are â€Å"expressions of each other† (cn, 2/3). Karma is â€Å"the law of cause and effect† (97, 3). It â€Å"does not care† (cn, 1/27); it is not a â€Å"reward, punishment system† (cn, 1/27). Karma is â€Å"the law of completion† (cn, 2/3) and determines how the atman will carry on â€Å"when the physical body dies [and] †¦ moves on to another body† (97, 6). This is known as samsara, which is the continuing cycle and worldly realm of â€Å"birth, death, and rebirth† (97, 6). The goal is to escape from samsara and reach moksha; an â€Å"infinite awareness and eternal bliss† (98, 5). In order to achieve this, â€Å"the atman must make the choice to complete karma† (cn, 1/27). Once karma is complete and â€Å"the atman realizes its true nature† (98, 5), moksha can be realized. 2. Pick one of these time periods and answer the questions below: During the Gupta Dynasty or During the Mughal Rule What would your life be like? What job, spiritual path, caste, language †¦Show MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism863 Words   |  4 PagesPHIL 2120 Paper #1 Xinyang Wang Comparison of Permanence between Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism and Buddhism have common origins in the Ganges culture of northern India around 500 BCE. We have to admit that they share a lot of similarities, but also involve tons of differences. For example, as Hinduism claims that Atman is Brahman, Buddhism reject the existence of Atman. Hindus think that the way to becoming enlightened is to union with God, but Buddhists pursue a throughout understanding of theRead MoreThe Self Impact Self Esteem And Self Image1148 Words   |  5 Pageswe look at it from a religious aspect? In Buddhism and Hinduism, although there are many similarities, there are also key differences in the fundamentals of their teachings and texts, such as the Bhagavad-Gita and the Vimalakirti, regarding the concept of the self in the cosmological, social, and theological aspects of each religion. The self in Hinduism is referred to as atman. In the Bhagavad-Gita it says, â€Å"Weapons do not cut it, fire does not burn it, waters do not wet it, wind does not witherRead MoreThe Influence Of Religion On The Mind And The Body952 Words   |  4 Pagesscience. A psychological approach to studying religion would depend more on the lives of individuals. William James found a connection between the influence on the mind and the body. This led to religious experiences and beliefs. I ve selected James and Durkheim because their perception of religion make more sense to me. Differences in culture make a big difference in religious beliefs. Religious behavior is relative to the society in which its found. That society will often use a religion to reinforceRead MoreThe Dharmic Religions of Hinduism and Buddhism1220 Words   |  5 Pagesbelieve in the concept of reincarnation, but the difference lies in the process in which someone is reincarnated and subsequently where the individual st ops the process of reincarnation and reaches the desired end point of the seemingly endless cycle. In Hinduism the concept of life and death is more complex than a body being born and subsequently reaching death. In Hinduism there is a spiritual entity within ones self called the Atman. The Atman, similar to a soul, is eternal, it does to adhereRead MoreSimilarities and Differences Between Christianity Hinduism1635 Words   |  7 Pages(a symbol of Brahman) was the first sound of creation. There was always something before creation, as it is an impossible notion to assume that anything can come from nothing. Brahman (the one ultimate reality) is believed to have 3 functions, which are shown by 3 Gods: Shiva, Brahma and Vishnu. He is the source of all manifestations. The universes are created by Lord Brahma, the creator, maintained by Lord Vishnu, the preserver, and destroyed by Lord Shiva, the destroyer. Brahman was before creationRead MoreHinduism and Christianity: Monotheistic Paths to One God. Essay2278 Words   |  10 PagesPhilosophies, Encyclopedia of Religion) draws parallels between Brahma and God, Vishnu and the Holy Spirit, and Shiva and Jesus, but persists in the common idea that Christianity is a monotheistic faith while Hinduism is polytheistic. However, Bede Griffiths, a Christian priest living in India, has dared to challenge this firm notion of polytheism, offering comparisons between the Christian Trinity and a different Hindu Triad- Brahman /Atman/Purusha - to conclude that both faiths ultimately shareRead MoreGod s Existence Of The Eternal Self Essay1524 Words   |   7 Pagespersistent and abiding Self is known as Atman and identified with Brahman as Universe. Buddhism demonstrates a relative attitude to the Self which is recognized in many religions. The concept of rejecting Atman performs a meaningful role in the Buddhist philosophy. The doctrine of non-existence distinguished and named in Hindu as the an-Atman ignores the eternal and unchanging Self. Buddha rejected the belief in the essence of immutable Self and denied Atman as unverifiable metaphysical postulateRead MoreEssay about Religious Paths2018 Words   |  9 Pagesencounters between mortal humans and divine beings (for example the legend of Krishna and Arguna) that described the main doctrines of this part of Hinduism to its pursuers. Following the age of Vedas, texts known as Upanishads came into existence (1000-500 BC). Unlike the Vedas, Upanishads did not talk about the rules of sacrifices and did not contain hymns to gods. Instead, those texts concentrated on the essence of reality and on the supreme being ruling the cosmos-the Brahman. The UpanishadsRead MoreEssay about The Seperation of Hinduism and Buddhism1418 Words   |  6 Pagesyet they are seen as two completely different religions. Why? These religions do share some of the same practices, however there are also vast differences. The caste system is a major social institution of Hinduism, but Buddhism rejects the caste system. Buddhism opposes the idea of a soul, while Hinduism perceives the soul as being one with Brahman. Moksha and Nirvana are both the release from saá ¹Æ'sÄ ra, but the pathways to attaining release are dissimilar. One of the major Hindu beliefsRead MoreWhen Diving Into The Depths Of Buddhism And How A Non Theistic Religion Has Strong Morals921 Words   |  4 PagesBuddhism but the one big difference is that Hinduism is a theistic religion, where they believe in Brahman. The highlights of Hinduism are to give a different perspective on a theistic religion that has a similar background to Buddhism. Hindus believe in a one, all-pervasive Supreme Being who is both immanent and transcendent, both Creator and Unmanifest Reality(9). Hindus also believe in souls along with the relationship between Brahman and Atman. This is the relationship between the individual soul